It is an autoimmune disease that affects the joints of the hands and feet. This disease causes inflammation in the joint membrane (synovium), causing swelling, pain and limited movement in the joints. Rheumatoid arthritis It affects not only the joints but also other organs such as the skin, eyes, lungs, heart and blood vessels.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Symptoms
Symptoms can vary from person to person and can worsen over time. Joint stiffness occurs, especially in the morning and after prolonged inactivity. Affected joints are significantly swollen and tender to the touch.
As the disease progresses, mobility in the joints decreases. Patients feel tired because the immune system is constantly active. In advanced cases, low-grade fever and unintentional weight loss may occur.
Causes of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Although the exact cause is unknown, genetic and environmental factors are thought to be effective. rheumatoid arthritis People with a history of the disease are at higher risk of developing the disease. It can lead to immune system problems that cause the body to attack its own tissues.
Smoking may increase the risk and increase the severity of the disease. It is more common in women than men, suggesting that hormonal changes may play a role in the disease. Infections and some environmental toxins may trigger the immune system and cause it.
How Is Rheumatoid Arthritis Diagnosed?
Rheumatoid arthritis To make a diagnosis, doctors review the patient's medical history. Perform a physical exam. Markers such as rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-CCP antibodies can help diagnose the disease. C-reactive protein tests are performed to determine if there is inflammation in the body. X-rays, ultrasounds, and magnetic resonance imaging detect joint damage.
Rheumatoid Arthritis Treatment Methods
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to reduce pain and inflammation. Corticosteroids are prescribed for short periods of time to quickly control severe inflammation. Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) reduce the immune system's attack.
Prevents progression of the disease. TNF inhibitors and other immune system modulators can help control it. Regular exercise helps strengthen joints and increase flexibility.
Physical therapists prepare special exercise programs for the patient. They work to maintain mobility. Omega-3 fatty acids, olive oil, vegetables and fruits can reduce inflammation. Foods that may increase inflammation should be avoided.
Getting enough sleep and controlling stress can help relieve symptoms. In advanced cases, when joint damage is irreversible, surgery may be necessary. The damaged joint is replaced with an artificial prosthesis. Synovectomy is the removal of the inflamed joint lining.
Conclusion
Rheumatoid arthritis, It is a disease that can be controlled with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Patients' quality of life can be improved with medication, exercise, healthy nutrition and lifestyle changes. When symptoms are noticed, it is important to see a doctor immediately to prevent the disease from progressing.
