It is a condition in which the vertebrae lose their integrity due to reasons such as trauma, osteoporosis or tumor. Spinal fracture It can occur as a result of a fall, traffic accident or sports injury. It causes severe back or neck pain. Limited movement and neurological deficits can be seen. X-ray, MRI or CT are used for diagnosis. Treatment includes rest, corset or surgery. Early intervention accelerates recovery.
What Causes Spinal Fractures?
Spinal fracture There are many factors that cause it to occur. Traffic accidents, falls, sports accidents and falling from heights can be the cause. Decreased bone density, especially in older individuals, can cause the vertebrae to break easily.
Even a slight blow or bending can cause a fracture. Tumors or bone infections in the spine weaken the bone tissue and cause fractures. Especially in professions or sports that require heavy lifting, fractures occur as a result of excessive load on the vertebrae.
Spinal Fracture Symptoms
Symptoms of a Spinal Fracture It may vary depending on the severity and location of the fracture. The most common symptom is pain. Back or waist pain that increases with movement may be felt. Mobility may decrease in the fractured area. Difficulty may be experienced, especially in bending or turning movements. When the spinal cord is damaged, numbness, tingling and loss of strength may occur in the arms or legs. When there is serious damage to the spinal cord, serious conditions such as paralysis or muscle weakness may occur. In cases where the spinal cord is affected, bladder and bowel functions may also be impaired.
Types of Spinal Fractures
Compression fractures usually occur due to osteoporosis. When the load-carrying capacity of the vertebrae decreases, they begin to collapse. Explosion fractures occur when more than one piece of the vertebrae is broken as a result of a fall from a height or a severe blow. Flexion fractures occur when the spine is excessively bent or compressed. They can be seen especially in traffic accidents. Translation fractures are a type of fracture where the vertebrae are out of alignment with each other and can seriously affect the nerves.
How is a Spinal Fracture Diagnosed?
The patient's complaints and symptoms are evaluated. X-ray provides information about the general condition of the bone structure. Computerized tomography (CT) is used to see detailed damage to the vertebrae. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is preferred to evaluate the damage status of the spinal cord and nerve tissues.
Spinal Fracture Treatment Methods
For mild fractures, bed rest and restricted movement may be recommended. A spinal brace may be used to immobilize the fractured area and promote healing. Painkillers and anti-inflammatory medications are prescribed to control the patient's pain. If the fracture is pressing on the spinal cord or there is significant displacement of the bones, surgery may be necessary.
In patients with bone collapse, support is provided by injecting a cement-like substance into the vertebrae. Broken vertebrae are fixed with metal plates and screws to ensure union. Deformity correction surgeries are surgical interventions performed to correct deteriorations in the spinal structure.
Ways to Prevent Spinal Fracture Cases
Spinal fracture It is possible to take some precautions to prevent it. You can protect your bone density by consuming foods rich in calcium and vitamin D. Precautions should be taken to reduce the risk of falling, especially in older individuals. It is important to do regular exercises to strengthen the spine and back muscles. Appropriate equipment should be used to prevent traffic accidents and sports injuries.
Conclusion
Spinal fracture, It is an important condition that can lead to serious health problems. Many factors such as trauma, osteoporosis and tumors can cause these fractures. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment methods, the quality of life of patients can be increased. By protecting your spine health, you can minimize the risk of fractures and continue your daily activities safely.
